Driving a Heavy Vehicle

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Driving a Heavy Vehicle is a compendium of the principal standards, guidelines and rules of conduct concerning:

- the responsibilities, rights and obligations of heavy vehicle drivers;
- factors that affect driving;
- traffic rules;
- special driving techniques specific to each type of heavy vehicle;
- the rules that apply to each type of transportation (passengers or goods);
- special equipment and the configuration of heavy vehicles;
- coupling and decoupling techniques;
- the rules regarding hours of driving and off-duty time;
- obligations concerning circle checks of vehicles.

This guide is an essential tool to help you prepare for the tests you must take in order to obtain a Class 1, 2 or 3 driver’s licence.

Table des matières

Table des matières
Driving a Heavy Vehicle	1
Introduction	7
Table of contents	8
Chapter 1 - The Driver’sResponsibilities	23
Habits you must develop	25
Rules	31
Spring thaw restrictions	33
Highway carrier monitoring	35
Mandatory stops at inspection stations	37
Obligations	38
In the event of an accident	41
Move-over law	42
Self-evaluation exercices	43
Chapter 2 - Factors That Influence Driving	45
Driver fatigue	47
Inattentiveness	53
Distractions	53
Speed	54
Alcohol	55
Drugs and medications	56
Certain features of your vehicle and their impact on your driving	59
Driving in difficultconditions	62
Self-Evaluation Exercices	66
Chapter 3 - Know Your Vehicle	69
Types of heavy vehicles	71
Dashboard indicators	73
Steering wheel	74
Accelerator	75
Types of transmissions	76
The right RPM isimportant for your engine	86
Self-evaluation exercices	90
Chapter 4 - Pneumatic (Air) Brake Systems	91
The most popular brake system	93
Controls and components	94
How service brakes work	105
How the parking brake works	111
How the emergency brake works	113
Supplemental brake systems	114
Anti-lock brakes	116
Brake inspection	117
Brake adjustment	117
Self-evaluation exercices	120
Chapter 5 - Driving Know-How and Road Safety	121
Keep your eyes open	123
Allow yourself enough space	128
Negotiating a curve	134
Turning at an intersection	136
Braking distance	141
How to bring your vehicle to a stop	141
Backing up	144
Changing lanes	149
Passing	150
Driving uphill	151
Driving downhill	152
Supplemental brakes	156
Self-evaluation exercices	162
Chapter 6 - Coping With Dangerous Situations	163
What should you do when you get a flat tire?	165
What is hydroplaning and how should you react?	167
What causes skidding?	168
How to recover from a skid	170
What causes jackknifing?	172
How to make an emergency stop	173
If your brakes should fail despite all your efforts	174
If your vehicle catches fire	178
If an animal strays onto the road	179
Self-evaluation exercices	180
Chapter 7 - Transportation of Passengers	181
Laws and regulations	183
Number of passengers	184
Rules for the road	185
School buses	188
Securing baggage	191
Self-evaluation exercices	192
Chapter 8 - Trucking	193
Load restrictions	195
Special travel permits	199
Safeguarding bridges and overpasses	200
Rules for securing cargo	202
General rules	203
Special rules for the securement of certain types of cargo	207
Securement inspection	214
Tips for proper load distribution	215
Rules for transporting dangerous substances	218
Special rules for transporting dangerous substances	226
Safety tips for transporting certain categories of goods	233
Reflective strips	237
Regulation respecting environmental standards for heavy vehicles	239
Self-evaluation exercices	242
Chapter 9 - Hitching,Unhitching and Driving a Double Road Train	243
Hitching and unhitching a tractor and a semi-trailer	245
Hitching and unhitching a double road train	252
Physical factors that affect driving	261
Driving a double road train	263
Skidding, overturning and jackknifing	272
Self-evaluation exercices	275
Chapter 10 - Driving a LongerCombinationVehicle (LCV)	277
Special operating permit	280
Types of LCVs covered by the Regulation	281
Roads where LCVs are authorized to travel	285
Roads where LCVs are not authorized to travel	285
Responsibilities of special permit holders	286
Requirements	286
Self-evaluation exercices	289
Chapter 11 - Driving and Off-Duty Time for Heavy Vehicle Drivers	291
Fatigue	293
Individuals covered	293
Vehicles covered	294
Exempt vehicles	295
Definitions	298
General rules	303
Special situations	313
Splitting of off-duty time in a sleeper berth	316
Daily log	325
Details of the daily log	329
The summary log: an essential tool	334
Documents to be kept in the vehicle	337
Transfer of documents	337
Out-of-servicedeclaration	338
A driver’s record	339
Appendix 1 – Sleeper berth	341
Appendix 2 – List of requirements, offences and fines	343
Self-evaluation exercices	345
Chapter 12 - Circle Checkof a Vehicle	347
What is the circle check?	349
Is it mandatory?	349
Vehicles subject to the circle check	350
Exempt vehicles	351
Who should perform the circle check?	352
Vehicle used by more than one driver	353
Who should report defects detected during the trip?	355
When should the circle check be performed?	355
Responsibility for the condition of the vehicle	358
Mechanical defects	359
Obligation regarding the list of defects	361
Components to inspect	362
The inspection report	363
Drivers and the circle check	368
Table of components to inspect and defects to be detected	369
For a thorough and effective inspection	435
Tips and recommendations	436
Suggested 10-step method	438
Inspecting a pneumatic brake system (air brake system)	449
Inspecting a hydraulic brake system	452
Particularities for inspecting other types of vehicles	455
Inspections while on the road	458
Inspections during your trip	459
Roadside inspections	460
Inspections at the end of a trip	460
Self-evaluation exercices	461
Appendices	463
Driver’s Licence Classes	464
Lists of Defects	467
Laws and regulations	490
Documents and publications	491
Pressure Conversion Table	493
Measurement Conversion Table (length)	494
Answers to the Questions at the End of Each Chapter	495
Notes	497